#include <iostream>  // for std::cout and std::cin

int main()
{
    std::cout << "Enter a number: "; // ask user for a number
    int x{}; // define variable x to hold user input
    std::cin >> x; // get number from keyboard and store it in variable x
    std::cout << "You entered " << x << '\n';

    return 0;
}

/*
 * a) 'h' is not integer type, so x will be 0.
 * b) all input before '.' in '3.2' is assigned to x; all the rest remains
 *    for future extractions.
 * c) sign character '-' is allowed, so '-3' is assigned to x
 * d) same as variand a)
 * e) highest acceptable value by integer type will be used if
 *    '99999999999999999999' is input
 * f) 123 is assigned to x and 'abc' remains for future extractions
 * g) first character 'a' is not a valid integer type, so extraction failed
 *    and x is 0
 * h) spaces droped; '+' is valid character for integer type; 5 is assigned to x
 * i) 5 is assigned to x; b6 remains for future extractions
*/